數(shu)(shu)控車(che)(che)床(chuang)是一種高精度(du)、高效率(lv)的自動(dong)化機床(chuang)，使用(yong)數(shu)(shu)控車(che)(che)床(chuang)可以(yi)(yi)提高加(jia)(jia)工(gong)效益，創(chuang)造更多的價值，數(shu)(shu)控車(che)(che)床(chuang)的出(chu)現使企業擺脫了那落后的加(jia)(jia)工(gong)技術(shu)，數(shu)(shu)控車(che)(che)床(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)的工(gong)藝與普通(tong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)的加(jia)(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝類似，但由于數(shu)(shu)控車(che)(che)床(chuang)是一次裝夾，連續自動(dong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)完成所(suo)有車(che)(che)削工(gong)序，因而應注意以(yi)(yi)下幾(ji)個(ge)方面。

合(he)理(li)(li)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)對(dui)于高(gao)(gao)(gao)效率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)來(lai)說，被加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)、切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)、切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)三大(da)(da)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)(su)。這些(xie)(xie)決(jue)定(ding)著(zhu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)、刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)壽(shou)命和加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。經濟有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方式(shi)必然(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)合(he)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)了(le)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)(su)：切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)、進(jin)給量(liang)(liang)(liang)和切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)深直(zhi)(zhi)接引(yin)起刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)傷。伴隨著(zhu)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)，刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)尖溫度(du)(du)會(hui)(hui)上升，會(hui)(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、化學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)。切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)20%，刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)壽(shou)命會(hui)(hui)減少1/2。進(jin)給條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)后(hou)面(mian)(mian)磨(mo)損(sun)關(guan)系在極小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍內(nei)產(chan)生(sheng)。但(dan)(dan)進(jin)給量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)，切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)溫度(du)(du)上升，后(hou)面(mian)(mian)磨(mo)損(sun)大(da)(da)。它比切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)小。切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)深對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)雖(sui)然(ran)(ran)沒有(you)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)和進(jin)給量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)，但(dan)(dan)在微小切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)深切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)時(shi)(shi)，被切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)產(chan)生(sheng)硬(ying)化層，同(tong)樣(yang)會(hui)(hui)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)命。用(yong)(yong)戶要(yao)(yao)(yao)根(gen)據被加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)、硬(ying)度(du)(du)、切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)、材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)種(zhong)類、進(jin)給量(liang)(liang)(liang)、切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)深等選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)。最適合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)是(shi)(shi)在這些(xie)(xie)因素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。有(you)規則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)達(da)到壽(shou)命才是(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。然(ran)(ran)而(er)，在實(shi)際作(zuo)業中，刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)壽(shou)命的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)與刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)磨(mo)損(sun)、被加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)尺寸變(bian)化、表(biao)面(mian)(mian)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)噪聲、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)熱量(liang)(liang)(liang)等有(you)關(guan)。在確(que)定(ding)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)根(gen)據實(shi)際情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)進(jin)行研(yan)究。對(dui)于不銹鋼(gang)和耐熱合(he)金(jin)等難加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)來(lai)說，可(ke)以采用(yong)(yong)冷卻劑或選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)剛(gang)性(xing)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)刃。切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)三要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)(su)如何確(que)定(ding)如何正確(que)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)這三個(ge)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)(su)是(shi)(shi)金(jin)屬切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)原理(li)(li)課程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)內(nei)容，金(jin)屬加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)微信摘錄了(le)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)要(yao)(yao)(yao)點，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)這三個(ge)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本原則(ze)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)）切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)（線速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)、園周速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)）V（米(mi)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)）要(yao)(yao)(yao)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)數(shu)(shu)，必須首先(xian)知道切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)線速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)V應(ying)該取(qu)(qu)多少。V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)：取(qu)(qu)決(jue)于刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)等。刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)：硬(ying)質(zhi)合(he)金(jin)，V可(ke)以取(qu)(qu)得(de)較高(gao)(gao)(gao)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般可(ke)取(qu)(qu)100米(mi)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)以上，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般購置刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)片時(shi)(shi)都提供了(le)技術參數(shu)(shu)：加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)什(shen)么(me)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)多少大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)鋼(gang)：V只(zhi)(zhi)能取(qu)(qu)得(de)較低(di)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般不超(chao)過(guo)70米(mi)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)，多數(shu)(shu)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)取(qu)(qu)20~30米(mi)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)以下(xia)(xia)(xia)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)：硬(ying)度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，V取(qu)(qu)低(di)；鑄鐵，V取(qu)(qu)低(di)，刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)為硬(ying)質(zhi)合(he)金(jin)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)取(qu)(qu)70~80米(mi)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)；低(di)碳鋼(gang)，V可(ke)取(qu)(qu)100米(mi)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)以上，有(you)色金(jin)屬，V可(ke)取(qu)(qu)更高(gao)(gao)(gao)些(xie)(xie)（100~200米(mi)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)）。淬火鋼(gang)、不銹鋼(gang)，V應(ying)取(qu)(qu)低(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)。加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)：粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，V取(qu)(qu)低(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)；精(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，V取(qu)(qu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)些(xie)(xie)。機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剛(gang)性(xing)系統差，V取(qu)(qu)低(di)。如果數(shu)(shu)控程序使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)S是(shi)(shi)每(mei)(mei)(mei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)數(shu)(shu)，那么(me)應(ying)根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)，及切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)線速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)V計(ji)算(suan)出(chu)S：S（主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)數(shu)(shu)）=V（切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)線速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)）*1000/（3.1416*工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)）如果數(shu)(shu)控程序使(shi)用(yong)(yong)了(le)恒線速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)，那么(me)S可(ke)直(zhi)(zhi)接使(shi)用(yong)(yong)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)線速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)V（米(mi)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)）二）進(jin)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)（走刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)）F主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)(qu)決(jue)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求。精(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)，表(biao)面(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求高(gao)(gao)(gao)，走刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)取(qu)(qu)小：0.06~0.12mm/主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)取(qu)(qu)大(da)(da)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)。主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)決(jue)定(ding)于刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)強度(du)(du)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般可(ke)取(qu)(qu)0.3以上，刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)主(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)角較大(da)(da)時(shi)(shi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)強度(du)(du)差，進(jin)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)不能太大(da)(da)。另(ling)(ling)外還應(ying)考慮機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剛(gang)性(xing)。數(shu)(shu)控程序使(shi)用(yong)(yong)二種(zhong)單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)：mm/分(fen)(fen)(fen)、mm/主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，上面(mian)(mian)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單位都是(shi)(shi)mm/主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，如使(shi)用(yong)(yong)mm/分(fen)(fen)(fen)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)公(gong)式(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換：每(mei)(mei)(mei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)=每(mei)(mei)(mei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)進(jin)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)*主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)數(shu)(shu)三）吃刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)深度(du)(du)（切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)深度(du)(du)）精(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般可(ke)取(qu)(qu)0.5（半徑(jing)值）以下(xia)(xia)(xia)。粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)，根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)決(jue)定(ding)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般小型(xing)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)（最大(da)(da)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)在400mm以下(xia)(xia)(xia)）車(che)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)正火狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)45號鋼(gang)，半徑(jing)方向切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)深度(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般不超(chao)過(guo)5mm。另(ling)(ling)外還要(yao)(yao)(yao)注意，如果車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)變(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)采用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)普通變(bian)頻調速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)，那么(me)當主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)很低(di)時(shi)(shi)（低(di)于100~200轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)/分(fen)(fen)(fen)），電機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輸出(chu)功(gong)率(lv)將(jiang)顯(xian)著(zhu)降低(di)，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)吃刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)深度(du)(du)及進(jin)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)只(zhi)(zhi)能取(qu)(qu)得(de)很小。合(he)理(li)(li)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)

1.粗(cu)車(che)(che)時，要(yao)(yao)選(xuan)(xuan)強度(du)高、耐(nai)用(yong)度(du)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，以(yi)(yi)便(bian)滿(man)足粗(cu)車(che)(che)時大背(bei)吃刀(dao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、大進給量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。2.精車(che)(che)時，要(yao)(yao)選(xuan)(xuan)精度(du)高、耐(nai)用(yong)度(du)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，以(yi)(yi)保證加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)精度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。3.為(wei)減少(shao)換刀(dao)時間(jian)和方(fang)便(bian)對(dui)刀(dao)，應盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)采用(yong)機夾(jia)(jia)刀(dao)和機夾(jia)(jia)刀(dao)片。合理(li)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)1. 盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)通用(yong)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)裝(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)，避(bi)免采用(yong)專用(yong)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)；2.零件(jian)定位基(ji)準重合，以(yi)(yi)減少(shao)定位誤差(cha)。確(que)定加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)線加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)線是指(zhi)數控機床(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中，刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)相對(dui)零件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動軌(gui)跡和方(fang)向(xiang)。1.應能保證加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)精度(du)和表(biao)面粗(cu)糙要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)；2. 應盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)縮短加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)線，減少(shao)刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)空行程時間(jian)。加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)線與加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系目前，在數控車(che)(che)床(chuang)還(huan)未達到普及使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)下(xia)(xia)，一般應把毛坯上(shang)過(guo)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，特別是含有鍛、鑄硬皮層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)安排(pai)在普通車(che)(che)床(chuang)上(shang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)。如必(bi)須用(yong)數控車(che)(che)床(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)時，則需注意程序(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈活安排(pai)。夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)安裝(zhuang)要(yao)(yao)點目前液(ye)壓(ya)卡盤(pan)和液(ye)壓(ya)夾(jia)(jia)緊油缸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連接是靠(kao)拉(la)桿實現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，液(ye)壓(ya)卡盤(pan)夾(jia)(jia)緊要(yao)(yao)點如下(xia)(xia)：首先用(yong)搬手卸下(xia)(xia)液(ye)壓(ya)油缸上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)帽(mao)，卸下(xia)(xia)拉(la)管，并從主軸后端抽出，再(zai)用(yong)搬手卸下(xia)(xia)卡盤(pan)固定螺(luo)釘，即可(ke)卸下(xia)(xia)卡盤(pan)。